Summary of Kenyas Economy essays

Outline of Kenya's Economy articles Kenyas economy is very differing. Despite the fact that Kenya is one of the quickest developing nations in Africa, its economy has not grown much as of late. Agribusiness is its biggest mean of income. Kenya sends out a few various types of produce, and consequently gets hardware and gear. Joblessness is extremely normal due to the moderate economy. Despite the fact that Kenyas economy has been moderate, it despite everything fills in as an exchange nation today. Verifiably, Kenyas economy has been founded on cultivating, crowding, chasing, and exchange. Be that as it may, when Britain took over Kenya, a world entrepreneur economy was presented. The economy at that point got dependent on the fare of rural items. European ranchers settled in Kenya due to the fruitful soil. Their quality helped the economy. From the mid 1900s to the mid 1950s, tea, espresso, and sisal turned into the prevailing fares. Kenyans were urged to create wares to sell at neighborhood markets to help utilization and creation. During World War II, Kenya began creating items that were once in the past imported. Despite the fact that European ranchers left after Kenya picked up autonomy, rural fares kept on extending significantly. Kenyas generally financial development rate was 6.8 percent, one of the biggest development rates in Africa between the years1963 and 1980. Kenyas economy debilitated during the 1980s predominantly because of results of a rising exchange deficie ncy. The legislature had to go to the International Bank of Reconstruction and Development and the International Monetary Fund for financial help. Kenyas economy had been solid and blasting, yet now they had to go to the worldwide network for help. As you currently know, Kenya fares and imports a wide assortment of items. The principle sends out are tea and espresso, albeit other farming items, for example, dairy items and eggs are additionally sent out. Imports are included ... <!

10 Tips for Learning a Foreign Language as an Adult

10 Tips for Learning a Foreign Language as an Adult While the U.S. is home to more than 350 unique dialects, as per a report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), most Americans are monolingual. What's more, this impediment can contrarily affect people, U.S. organizations, and even the nation as a whole.â For instance, the AAAS takes note of that learning a subsequent language improves intellectual capacity, helps with learning different subjects, and defers a portion of the impacts of maturing. Different discoveries incorporate that up to 30% of U.S. organizations have expressed that they’ve botched business chances in outside nations since they didn’t have in-house staff who communicated in the prevailing dialects of those nations, and 40% expressed they couldn't arrive at their global potential due to language barriers. However, one of the most striking and disturbing instances of the significance of learning an unknown dialect occurred at the beginning of the 2004 avian influenza scourge. As indicated by the AAAS, researchers in the U.S. what's more, other English-talking nations didn't initially comprehend the extent of avian influenza since they couldn't peruse the first research †which was composed by Chinese specialists. Truth be told, the report noticed that only 200,000 U.S. understudies are considering Chinese contrasted with 300 to 400 million Chinese understudies who are examining English. What's more, 66% of Europeans know in any event one other language contrasted with only 20% of Americans. Numerous European nations have national prerequisites that understudies must learn in any event one unknown dialect by the age of 9, as indicated by information from the Pew Research Center. In the U.S., school areas are ordinarily permitted to set their own arrangements. Subsequently, most by far (89%) of American grown-ups who realize an unknown dialect state they learned it in their youth home. Learning Styles for Children Youngsters and grown-ups learn unknown dialects in an unexpected way. Rosemary G. Feal, official chief of the Modern Language Association, says, â€Å"Children for the most part learn dialects through games, tunes, and redundancy, and in a vivid domain, they frequently produce discourse spontaneously.† And there’s a purpose behind that suddenness. As per Katja Wilde, head of Didactics at Babbel, â€Å"Unlike grown-ups, kids are less mindful of committing errors and the related humiliation, and in this way, dont right themselves.† Learning Styles for Adults In any case, Feal clarifies that with grown-ups, examining the proper structures of the language is normally useful. â€Å"Adults figure out how to conjugate action words, and they profit by syntactic clarifications alongside techniques, for example, redundancy and remembering key phrases.† Grown-ups additionally learn in a progressively cognizant manner, as per Wilde: â€Å"They have solid metalinguistic mindfulness, which kids don’t have.† This implies grown-ups think about the language they learn. For instance ‘Is this the best word to communicate what I need to say’ or ‘Did I utilize the right punctuation structure?’† Wilde clarifies. Also, grown-ups as a rule have various inspirations. Wilde says that grown-ups commonly have explicit purposes behind learning an unknown dialect. â€Å"Better personal satisfaction, personal growth, professional successes, and other elusive advantages are generally the propelling factors.â A few people accept that its past the point of no return for grown-ups to gain proficiency with another dialect, however Wilde opposes this idea. â€Å"Although youngsters will in general be better at subliminal learning, or obtaining, grown-ups will in general be better at learning, since they can process increasingly complex idea processes.† Attempt 10 hints for learning dialects: 1) Know why youre doing it. 2) Find an accomplice. 3) Talk to yourself. 4) Keep it significant. 5) Have fun with it. 6) Act like a youngster. 7) Leave your customary range of familiarity. 8) Listen. 9) Watch individuals talk. 10) Dive in. Feal likewise prescribes different ways for grown-ups to become familiar with an unknown dialect, for example, sitting in front of the TV shows and film in the objective language. â€Å"In expansion, perusing composed materials of numerous types, participating in intuitive discussions on the web, and for the individuals who can travel, an in-nation experience, can assist grown-ups with making important progress.† Notwithstanding these tips, Wilde says that Babbel offers on-line courses that can be finished in scaled down pieces, whenever and anyplace. Different hotspots for learning another dialect incorporate Learn A Language, Fluent in 3 Months, and DuoLingo. Understudies can likewise exploit concentrate abroad projects where they can learn new dialects and new societies. There are a few advantages to learning another dialect. This kind of aptitude can increment intellectual abilities and lead to profession openings - particularly since multilingual workers can win more significant compensations. Learning new dialects and societies can likewise bring about a progressively educated and differing society.

PPIA Fellowship Program 2013 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

PPIA Fellowship Program 2013 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The Public Policy and International Affairs Fellowship Program   (PPIA) Fellowship program prepares undergraduates to be competitive candidates for top degree programs in the fields of Public Policy, Public Administration, International Affairs, or a related field through a consortium of over 30 graduate schools of Public Policy and International Affairs in the U.S.     Columbia University School of International and Public Affairs is one of the 30 graduate schools that make up the consortium. PPIA is currently accepting applications for the 2013 Junior Summer Institutes; which gives students the chance to strengthen their prospects of attending graduate school and achieving a career in public service.   The entry point for the PPIA program is acceptance and attendance to one of its Junior Summer Institutes. Each year, the national program selects an outstanding group of college juniors from across the U.S. to participate in the JSIs. Participation in a JSI will provide students with the knowledge and skills necessary to succeed in graduate school and, ultimately, in influential roles serving the public good. Upon completion of their institutes, students have access to opportunities for mentoring and career development through an extensive alumni network. JSI participants are also guaranteed a minimum, one-time financial award of $5,000 for their graduate school education if they attend one of the programs in PPIA’s graduate school consortium. Most PPIA alumni who are accepted to a consortium school receive well above this figure in financial aid towards their graduate education. Interested applicants can access the application online at   www.ppiaprogram.org/programs. Deadline for all materials is November 1st, 2012. To learn more about PPIA, please visit: www.ppiaprogram.org.

The First Generation Of The Family - 926 Words

Mike had given a speech to Bodnar about the hardships that the men went through in the mills. He wondered if God had put him on his earth was to be worked in the furnaces. â€Å"Once I used to ask myself, Is this what the good God put me on earth for, to work my life away in Carnegie’s blast furnaces, to live and die in Braddock’s alleys? I couldn’t believe it. Now I know that God had nothing to do with it. Chance rules the world† (Bell, 197). Mike felt everyone should love the job they work in and shouldn’t feel as if they’re not appreciated. â€Å"I don’t mind work. But a man should be allowed to love his work and take pride in it† (Bell, 196). The third generation of the family seemed to be the strongest willed. Mike and Mary’s son, Dobie, did everything George wouldn’t do and was against not standing up to anyone. He created the birth of labor unionism during his time working at the steel mills. It was against the law to join this labor unionism act. Many of the mills were go into protests about how they were getting treating working at the mills and they weren’t afraid to speak their mind. This interest Dobie that something needed to be done and he started to met with lawyers and investigators. Eventually he was able to get the steel corporation to sign a contract to end the hardships with the steel mills. â€Å"The steel corporation signed a contract with the S.W.O.C. and the most important job ever undertaken by organized labor in America ended with victory for the union† (Bell,Show MoreRelatedA CASE STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF FAMILY ON FIRST- GENERATION COLLEGE STUDENTS‚Äà ´ ED UCATIONAL ASPIRATIONS POST HIGH SCHOOL1560 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Impact of Social Networking Sites Usage on Student’s Academic Performance in Pakistan Abstract Purpose – This research paper examines the impact of the usage of social networking sites (SNS) on the academic performance of the students in universities. The impact has been studied in relation to three variables acting as moderators to the usage of social networking sites which in turn helps to enquire the variation of academic performance of the students regarding that usage. The Independent variableRead MoreThe Effects Of First Generation College Students1133 Words   |  5 PagesFirst generation college students are those who are seeking to be the first in their family to earn a degree, according to UCLA. First- generation students can come from low, middle, or high income families without a history of going to college. Families of first generation students can either be supportive of the students plan for a high education or make them feel family pressure to enter the workforce right after high school like they did. First generation students often do not know their op tionsRead MoreChallenges Faced By First Generation Students1547 Words   |  7 Pagesthat at least forty percent of the United States is made up of first-generation students? (Earl, 1987.) Being given the label â€Å"first-generation,† by definition, means that a student is the first in his or her family to attend and finish college with a college degree. In Hicks 2006 study, he compared the educational barriers of first-generation students to those non-first-generation students. As a result, Hicks found out the first-generation students had different expectations of college, poor academicRead MoreChallenges Faced By First Generation Students756 Words   |  4 Pages3 November 2015 Fall Semester 2015 First-Generation Outline I Did you know that 40% of the United States population is made up of first-generation students? (Earl, 1987). A Being given the label first-generation by definition means that a student is the first in his or her family to attend and finish with a college degree. B Study conducted by Hicks (2006), compared educational barriers of first-generation to non-first-generation students; first-generation students had dissimilar expectationsRead MoreChallenges Faced By The Generation Students Essay1042 Words   |  5 PagesFirst Generations College Students There are many challenges everyone faces as they are going into college. First- generation students tend to face more issues than other students. Many have to overcome more challenges and barriers that other students might not have to face. I believe that first- generation students have more obstacles to face than other students. There are many challenges that first- generation’s students have, whether it be finical aid or struggling with having two different culturesRead MoreFamily Genogram is Similar to the Family Tree730 Words   |  3 PagesFamily Genogram A genogram is a tool similar to a family tree that is used to track family history and family relationships. Genograms contain basic information such as: names, genders, birth/death dates, illnesses, social behaviors, achievements, education, family relationships, social relationships and emotional relationships (Genogram Guide, 2009). This paper will summarize finding after completing a three generation genogram of this author’s family history beginning with the maternal (Johnson)Read MoreWhy Hmong Families Left Laos1323 Words   |  5 PagesHmong families, like the Lees in the novel â€Å"The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down† have been immigrating to the United States since the end of the Vietnam War. The majority of the Hmong living in the U.S. are now located in specific cities and regions of California, Minnesota, and Wisconsin (Lee and Green 2010). The Lee family moved to the Merced, California in 1980 and has had to adapt to life in a new host country (F adiman 1997). Acculturation is used to describe how the culture of immigrantsRead MoreThe First Generation And The Second Generation Immigrants1626 Words   |  7 Pagesunique values might be faded away with each generation because of the new culture exposition. The second-generation immigrants experience a cultural conflict between that of their parents and that of host society. Most of them are unable to preserve and empower their origin cultures. Many differences between the first-generation and the second-generation immigrants arise. Through the analysis of the mother in â€Å"Death of a Young Son by Drowning† and the Das family in â€Å"Interpreter of Maladies†, I would likeRead MoreA First Generation Salvadoran American Student s Pursues Higher Education902 Words   |  4 Pages#3: Interview Summary Role of Acculturation Acculturation can determine whether a first generation Salvadoran American student’s pursues higher education. As new immigrants immersed in the American culture, they have to adapt or comprehend the culture acceptable â€Å"behavior, values, language, and customs† in order to educational succeed (McCallister 2015). Moreover, California is a diverse state that first generation students come across a dilemma of longer period of time to dominate the native languageRead MoreMotivating Firs Generation Students For Academic Success And College Completion902 Words   |  4 Pages The article â€Å"Motivating Firs-Generation Students For Academic Success and College Completion† by Tanjula Petty describes the additional challenges first generation students have to overcome while attending college. A well-heeled diversity and world of opportunities are a few of the positive outcomes of attending college. According to Tanjula Petty (2014), â€Å"Yet, the most cited and widely used definition for first- generation students is someone whose parents has not completed a college degree†. Students

English Source Doc. - 7581 Words

Title: Dracula: Stoker s Response to the New Woman Author(s): Carol A. Senf Publication Details: Victorian Studies 26.1 (Autumn 1982): p33-49. Source: Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Jessica Bomarito and Russel Whitaker. Vol. 156. Detroit: Gale, 2006. From Literature Resource Center. Document Type: Critical essay Full Text: COPYRIGHT 2006 Gale, COPYRIGHT 2007 Gale, Cengage Learning Full Text: [(essay date autumn 1982) In the following essay, Senf contends that, contrary to popular belief, Bram Stoker s treatment of women in his novel stems not from his animosity toward women in general, but rather from his negative reaction to some attributes of the New Woman.] Although Dracula,1 which was first published in†¦show more content†¦In fact the first passage is neutral and suggests only that she is familiar with the New Woman s insistence on greater freedom and physical activity, attributes which Gail Cunningham mentions in her discussion: It was pointed out that women were likely to remain the weaker sex as long as they were encased in whalebone and confined their physical activity to the decorous movements of the ballroom, and the new doctrine of hygiene as it was coyly termed advocated sports for women and Rational Dress. Many young women pedalled their way to undreamt-of freedoms on the newly popular bicycle; petticoats and chaperons were equally inappropriate accompaniments, and could be discarded in one go.8 Bicycle riding, bloomers, and badminton may have shocked more conservative people in the 1890s, but they were probably not enough to worry Stoker or his heroine. Nor was the fact that the New Woman was often a professional woman who chose financial independence and personal fulfilment as alternatives to marriage and motherhood. Cunningham adds that while these activities were important aspects of emancipation, they are not, however, responsible for the New Woman s becoming a symbol of all that was most challenging and dangerous in advanced thinking. The crucial factor was, inevitably, sex (Cunningham, p. 2). When it came to sex the New Woman was more frank and open than her predecessors. She felt free to initiate sexualShow MoreRelatedThe Dutch Republic Downfall Essay1483 Words   |  6 Pagesearly eighteenth centuries forced the Dutch Republic into a position of conflict and unbalance, which proved detrimental to their country as a whole. One of the first challenges to the Dutch Republic dealt with military and how countries, such as the English, wanted to snatch the Dutch’s profitable sea trade routes for themselves. As a result of military conflicts, the Dutch Republic’s economy decreased as a whole due to the fact that wars burdened the previously flourishing trade routes and wealthy citiesRead MoreAP Euro: Analyze how political, religious, and social factors affected the work of scientists in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.882 Words   |  4 Pagesseventeenth centuries, the work of many scientists was affected by political bodies. For example, Louis XIV supp orted the building of new academies as a sign of wealth and a source for new knowledge in France, as noted by Jean Baptiste Colbert in a letter, (Doc. 11) and also commissioned paintings of himself visiting these academies (Doc. 10). As the painting in document 10 shows many devices the scientists used and a very lavish setting in the background, it may have been embellished to impress other nationsRead MoreThe Regions of Colonial America Essay864 Words   |  4 Pagesprices (Doc D, E). New England from the beginning was settled by families. A shipment of emigrants bound for New England consisted of a minister, several farmers, a tailor and a clothier along with their families (Doc B). The New England colonies were created by Puritans escaping religious persecution in England. The Puritans were a group of English Protestants that wanted to â€Å"purify† the Church of England. The Puritans set forth articles that would plan the foundation of daily life (Doc A, D). TheyRead Mo reHow Sugar Had Become A Dominant Product Of Sugar Production1635 Words   |  7 Pagesparticular sites. The British sugar industry finally took hold in 1655, and lasted up until the mid-19th century (Background Essay). Due to the ideal land masses for sugar production (Doc. 1, 2, 6, 7), a large slave work force (Doc. 8, 9, 10, 11), high consumer demand (Doc. 3, 5), and competition in the trading industry (Doc. 4, 12), the sugar trade was able to flourish and remained a part of the global economy. As shown in documents 1, 2, 6 and 7, one driving force of the success of the sugar tradeRead MoreThe View of Absolute Monarchies1125 Words   |  5 Pagesbe The Twelve Articles a declaration of German peasants in 1524 (Doc 3). The article said that the peasants were enslaved basically and that it was wrong. There is no direct tie to an absolute monarchy anywhere in the article given but one may infer that the slavery of peasants in Germany can be tied to an absolute monarchy. Another person against the idea of absolute monarchy is Arthur Young an English agricultural scientist (Doc 5). While traveling France for three years he saw their monarchy wasRead MoreThe Legacy Of The Colorado1576 Words   |  7 Pagessuch as open land, beautiful landscapes, mining, and the hot springs to name a few. The ladder in that group of attractions brought to Colorado a man that was known in the west, and would forever be remember and one of the most famous gunman, Doc Holliday. Doc Holliday had a short, but eventful life and making his way towards Colorado at the end was what he had hope would save his life. John Henry Holliday was born on the 14th of August in 1851, Griffin, Georgia. His parents were Alice Jane HollidayRead MoreDbq Essay Crickets and Politics1300 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent caste members, although the tension eased was not always from a religious aspect between the Pakistanis, Indians, and the British. The different problems that arose in South Asia was mostly class or caste systems (Docs 2, 3, 4), rivalry (Docs 1, 6, 10), and religious tensions (Docs 5, 7, 8, 9) against the different countries and cricket teams. Cricket in many ways was a unifying force for the different classes in India as well as the relationship between Britain and India. As seen in DocumentRead MoreEssay about Business Memo634 Words   |  3 PagesWriting Assignment #1: Business Memo with Documented Research Grade: 5 points (5%); Due November 4, 2012 Format: Use the memo format in Figure A-9 in Appendix A; Figure A.9 is also located in the Doc Sharing area of the course. Length: 2 pages (not including bibliography) References: Provide at least 4 footnoted or parenthetically cited references, and a bibliography. One of these references should come from one of Park’s Online Library databases (Lexis-Nexis, Ebsco, ProQuest, etc.). One referenceRead MoreA Short Note On Modern Society And Today s Culture And Society1342 Words   |  6 PagesNicole Valdecanas Mrs. McCready AP English III - E 20 February 2017 Millennials and Modern Society Are millennials more anxious, egotistical, and insecure because of today’s culture and society? Imagine a room full of young people that sit on their phones, unwilling to speak to one another because they are either too snobby or reluctant to interact with one another. A teenage girl approaches the others, her eyes filled with both worry and chance. Revealing a picture on her phone, she inquires whetherRead MoreUnstable Urbanization Between The Years 2017 And 20501276 Words   |  6 PagesIaian Singletary Dudek English IV H 2nd 9 March 2017 UNSTABLE URBANIZATION Between the years 2017 and 2050, â€Å"the United Nations projects that global population will increase significantly by nearly 2.5 billion people putting the global population at around an estimated 9 to 10 Billion people† (Jiang). In the near future it is predicted that the global urban population will nearly double if not possibly triple in size. Which will create a global imbalance in quality of life and put an even greater

Chapter Review Questions Free Essays

There are several different meanings to Web server. There is e-mail server. E-mail server handles incoming and outgoing e-mail and manages e-mail activity. We will write a custom essay sample on Chapter Review Questions or any similar topic only for you Order Now Another type of Web server Is database server. The server computer on which database management software runs is database server. The computer in which a company runs its accounting and inventory software is called transaction server. These are all different types of computer hardware and software that may be found In electronic commerce operations. Our company utilizes each different Web server names mentioned above. If the company computers are down we contact our IT Department so they can analyze what part of the server has failed. 6. The difference between client-level and server-level e-mail filtering is basically one Is managed on an Individual users’ computer and one Is managed on a mall server of a company and/or an individual’s computer. Spam can get through one filter but be trapped by another filter even though both client-level and server-level are utilized. Both filtering systems Identify black lists and white lists. Which are common basic content-filtering techniques. A black list spam filter can be implemented at the individual, organization, or ISP level. Some companies review a black list, such as Spam and Open Relay Blocking System to Identify spammed. However. The black list spammed change their e-mail servers, making it difficult for businesses to keep up. The white list spam filter is examined by From addresses and compares them too list of known sender addresses. This filter Is usually applied at the Individual user level. The drawback of using this filer is that sometimes it will not recognize an address ND will reject the email or place in a separate folder to review at a later time. Our company utilizes both client-level and server-level e-mail filtering to protect proprietary information. Exercise 1. ALEX – Phonologic Exchange is a company that supports Apache Web server software. The company will provide technical support and has a support team that will provide: Research and Recommendations, Configure and usage, and Troubleshooting and bugs. Phonologic gives you one number to call for all your support needs. The company will automatically give you 2417 product support hotlist and developer support. You can customize the services you need with Penology. The company allows for you to customize your support needs by offering different packages: Silver, Gold Platinum. The company will give you support whether the problem originated or as a result of complex Interactions between software. As well the company has front line support experts on Apache Web Server to answer questions and pinpoint the source of the problem. ALEX also offers Apache toy 2 to assist you. IBM Support for Apache Greenroom is another company that offers support. IBM offers expert technical support from the Apache Software Foundation. The companies key benefits include: Multiple Support Options, You can choose from entry or enhanced support, Direct Leakage to the Apache community, thus ensuring that IBM will contribute all bug fixes and ensure new features are added, and offer value-added products. The IBM site lists the system requirements should you choose to use their product. If you choose to purchase the entry level support the cost is $1,090 for 12 months of support. The IBM site is very basic and doesn’t give a great deal of product information for Apache. However, the site does cross sell other products and services that IBM offers. How to cite Chapter Review Questions, Papers

Apollo an Olympic God Essay Example For Students

Apollo: an Olympic God Essay After Zeus Apollo is said to be the most powerful of the Olympian gods. He is referred to as the god of youth, music, poetry, and oracles. During the Hellenic age he was also called the god of healing and purity. Apollos Father is Zeus and his mother is Leto. He has a twin sister named Artemis and he had a son named Asclepias to his wife the nymph Coronis. Apollo also had another son with the muse Calliope named Orpheus. Asclepias would later be known as the god of healing. Apollo was born on the island of Delos, where his mother fled to escape the wrath of Hera. From Birth Apollo was proficient in the use of sun shafts, his deadly invisible arrows, which he hurled against his enemies. One of his earliest battles was killing The Python a monstrous serpent at a very young age that guarded the oracle. Apollo also killed the three Cyclopes for having forged thunderbolts used by Zeus to kill Asclepias. As a punishment Zeus made Apollo a servant of a mortal for a year. Apollo also created a storm on the Corinthian Sea, then appeared in the form of a dolphin and led a ship in distress safely to the shore. There he transformed himself into a brilliant star and guided the mariners to Delphi were the mariners founded on of the greatest shines of the ancient world. As Apollos followers grew he became know as the god o Spiritual light and worshiped as the averter of evil and the protector of orderliness, simplicity, purity, and reasonableness. In homers Novel the Iliad Apollo took the Trojans side of the war and rained arrows down on the Greek encampments. Apollo is also of said to of guided Pariss arrow into Achilles heel. According to Greek mythology Apollo was a very vengeful. On one occasion There was a satyr named Marsyas that challenged Apollo to a music contest. When Marsyas lost Apollo had him flayed alive. In his memory, the blood and tears of Marsyas and his friends formed a river that was named after him. Another tale of Apollo vengefulness is from Homers Iliad when a mother of 12 children compares herself to Leto Apollos mother. Apollo and Artemis kill all 12 of her children with arrows. Apollo was not just a fighter he had 6 loves. Daphne his first love fled from him and was turned into a laurel which is sacred to Apollo. Another one of his loves was Cassandra who Apollo gave the gift of Prophecies. When Cassandra refused him he turned her gift into a curse. Then there was Calliope who gave him the child Orpheus and Coronis who gave him his son Asclepias. Sibyl of Cumae rejected Apollo and became another victim of his anger. Apollos cult at Delphi was the religious center of the Greek world. His oracles were widely consulted on all matters. The oracles would sit on a tripod  chair above an opening in the ground and in a trance they would mutter words claimed to be the word of Apollo. Now days Apollo is considered the god of law and orderliness and is worshiped every may to celebrate and give thanks for the renewal of vegetation. The Pythia is held every fourth or eight summer different sources said different dates to honor Apollos victory over the Python.

In how far do the views of love presented in the play reflect 19 the attitude towards love the Elizabethan audience had Essay Example

In how far do the views of love presented in the play reflect 19 the attitude towards love the Elizabethan audience had Essay William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet has the high profile as the love-tragedy everybody knows1. Although it is regarded as the ideal of romantic love there are many other (quite unromantic) views represented in the play, too. In this term paper I will try to give a survey of the different views of love in Romeo and Juliet. First of all there are Romeo and Juliet, the star-crossd lovers (Prologue) who establish a quality of love, of life intensively lived, that becomes its own value2. Apart from these two main characters and their view of love there are in general five other attitudes towards love: to the servants of the house of Capulet, the Nurse and Mercutio love means nothing else than sex, to Romeos friend Benvolio the most important thing about love is not only sex but that love makes you happy, Juliets parents Capulet and Lady Capulet together with the Prince and Paris share an Elizabethan view of love and marriage, Romeos parents Montague and Lady Montague in contrast to Juli ets parents have a relationship full of love, and last but not least there is Friar Laurence who is afraid that Romeos and Juliets passion will lead to a bitter end but nevertheless shows a big sympathy for the young lovers and wants to make their love holy by marriage.In the following part of this term paper I will have a more detailed look on these shortly sketched views of love, dealing with them in the order just named above and laying great stress on Romeo and Juliet and the way they deal with their feelings.Finally Id like to take a short look on the question in how far the views of love presented in the play reflect the attitude towards love the Elizabethan audience had.2. Main part: Views of love in Romeo and Juliet2.1. Romeos and Juliets view of love: Love as the reason for livingThe star-crossd lovers Romeo and Juliet both fall in love at first sight and are determined to marry just after their first encounter. Their love is the most precious thing Romeo and Juliet have in their lives so both are ready to die for each other and chose to die in the end [] because each knows that he or she cannot live without the other, and knows this as a simple, literal truth to be acted on at the first opportunity3. Romeo as well as Juliet regards his banishment as death. Although the lovers are hoping to see each other again they are willing to die after Tybalts death/their wedding night.After their separation due to the banishment both kill themselves in order to be together again: Juliet drinks Friar Laurence sleeping potion in order to die and be with Romeo again when she awakes, and Romeo drinks the poison to be reunited with Juliet, whom he thinks lifeless, in death. When waking up in the monument and finding her love having committed suicide, Juliet kills herself for the reason of a reunion after death, too. The lovers even drink to each other when they drink their potions.Up to here Romeo and Juliet seem to share the same view of love but on having a closer look there are some differences in their ways to deal with their feelings. So Ill characterize both separated from each other in detail.2.1.1. RomeoFrom the beginning of the play, where Romeo is introduced as being lovesick, till the end of the action, where he takes the poison and commands himself to die quickly (V, iii, 117-118), Romeo is a Petrarchan lover. In the beginning he indulges himself in eloquent images and enjoys his role as the rejected lover. He pities himself and says that he feels heavy and burdened with his love for Rosaline (I, iv, 12; I, iv, 20-22).This is the Elizabethan lover, expressing himself in wild antitheses which are a sort of verbal equivalent for his distracted state balanced between two extremes ([e.g.] feather of lead, cold fire [I, i, 179], etc.), and in conceits ([e.g.] Love is a smoke [made with] the fume of sighs [I, i, 189]) which serve to represent the pleasing anguish of the lover, the grief of unrequited love which is yet happier than not lov ing at all would be.4But as soon as Romeo lays eyes on Juliet he is so overwhelmed by her beauty that his unhappy love for Rosaline is forgotten at that instant:O, she doth teach the torches to burn bright.It seems she hangs upon the cheek of nightAs a rich jewel in an Ethiops ear -Beauty too rich for use, for earth too dear.[]Did my heart love till now? Forswear it, sight!For I neer saw true beauty till this night. (I, v, 44-53)He gets to know Juliet after the dance and from the first moment their love is so right and true that their conversation effortlessly forms a sonnet. Romeo uses Petrarchan images in that first conversation (e.g. calling Juliet a saint that he is unworthy to touch) and goes on with this when he watches and describes Juliet in the orchard after the party. She is his sun (II, ii, 2 and 3), her eyes are even brighter than the stars (cf. II, ii, 15-22) and she is a bright angel. When talking to her Romeo wants to swear how much he loves her but she doesnt want to hear his oaths.Although in II, ii Romeos language is not different from the Petrarchan language he used to describe Rosaline and the love he felt for her, Romeos love for Juliet is much different from the love he bore for Rosaline. When loving Rosaline, Romeo was in love with love and unable to act. But now he has found a purpose for living in Juliet and in the fact that his new love doth grace for grace and love for love allow (II, iii, 82). Romeo is so much changed by this experience that for a short time he is able to be the old Romeo, the Romeo his friends are missing, again. He jests with Mercutio and wins their battle of wits which makes Mercutio cry out:Why, is not this better now than groaning for love? Now art thou sociable, now art thou Romeo; now art thou what thou art, by art as well as by nature. For this drivelling love is like a great natural that runs lolling up and down to hide his bauble in a hole. (II, iv, 88-92)Romeo gets more mature by his marriage to Juliet, too. When he comes back from the wedding, he is so full of peace and love that Tybalts insults cannot hurt him. Moreover he calls Tybalt cousin and tells him[I] love thee better than thou canst deviseTill thou shalt know the reason of my love. (III, i, 68-69)But when Tybalt stabs Mercutio, Romeo accuses Juliet of having made him act so peacefully:O, sweet Juliet,Thy beauty has made me effeminateAnd in my temper softend valours steel. (III, I, 115-117)In a fury he takes revenge for Mercutios death and kills Tybalt. This action throws him back in the role the feud forces him to play but at the same time it hinders him to be what he intends to be a peaceful young man enjoying his happiness as a freshly-made bridegroom. Romeo seems to realize this, crying out that he is Fortunes fool. He flies to Friar Laurence cell and bursts out in tears. When the clergyman informs him that the Princes doom is not death but banishment, Romeo moans about this banishment because it means that he has to leave Juliet whereasevery cat and dogAnd little mouse, every unworthy thing,Live here in heaven and may look on her,But Romeo may not. (III, iii, 30-33)This clearly shows that Romeo is himself only in his Juliet; she is his only reality, his hearts true home and idol5 and this strong and passionate love he feels for her makes him able to face death in the end of the play.To Romeo love is the most important thing in life. He has the blessing and the curse to feel things deeply6 so being banished from his Juliet after having killed Tybalt really is purgatory, torture, hell itself (III, iii, 18) to him. He doesnt want to live like this, so he denies to hide himself hearing someone (the Nurse) knocking at the door. Learning from the Nurse then that Juliet is in the same state of mind, Romeo is so afraid that Juliet might not love him anymore that he offers to stab himself. But Friar Laurence makes him go to his wife and after having spent the night with her Romeo is so absolute happy t hat death doesnt give him a fright anymore; he would die at that instant if it pleased Juliet: Let me be taen, let me be put to death,I am content, so thou wilt have it so.[]I have more care to stay than will to go.Come death, and welcome. Juliet wills it so. (III, v, 17-25)But she makes him leave her at dawn. Bidding her farewell Romeo shows himself certain that they will see each other again and that makes him accept his banishment. Just before he learns about Juliets death in V, i, he is happy having had a dream of Juliet which he takes as the harbinger of joyful news (V, i, 2). Hearing of his wifes death then he is at once determined to lie with thee [Juliet] tonight (V, i, 34) and gets to Verona to commit suicide at his ladys side. He is possessed by this idea and cannot be stopped by Paris who gets in his way. Romeo does not want to put another sin upon his head (cf. V, iii, 62) and beseeches Paris to leave him alone. But Paris refuses to go, so they fight and the County gets killed. Romeo promises to fulfil his last wish to lay him next to Juliet in the tomb. Noticing that the man he just killed is Paris, the man who should have been Juliets bridegroom, he pities him for being writ with him in sour misfortunes book (cf. V, iii, 82) and lays the corpse into the grave. Inside the tomb Romeo feels merry; he is with his beloved Juliet again, he will remain at her side and no one will ever separate them again. After having praised Juliets beauty, having taken her in his arms and kissed her once again, Romeo drinks the poison to his love and [t]hus with a kiss (V, iii, 120) he dies.2.1.2. JulietJuliets attitude towards love is a bit different to that of her lover Romeo. In this couple, Romeo is the romantic one, and Juliet is the practical one7. Whereas Romeo indulges himself in Petrarchan images she discourages Romeo from stereotyped love-vows, and spurs him to make arrangements for their wedding8. In the beginning of the play Juliet is a child, not yet four teen. To her marriage is an honour that I dream not of (I, iii, 66). This changes when she meets Romeo at the party and falls in love with him. To her as well as to Romeo this is love at first sight and right from the beginning her feelings for him are very deep:[] If he be married,My grave is like to be my wedding bed. (I, v, 134-135)After the party, Juliet as well as Romeo seems to be too excited to go to bed at once. Instead she is talking to herself in the orchard lamenting about Romeos name. If he were not a Montague and by this her enemy, she could be in love with him so she bids him todoff thy name,And for thy name, which is no part of thee,Take all myself (II, ii, 47-49)Juliet is as well happy as taken by surprise when Romeo disturbs her. She knows that he has overheard her private counsel and that is why she doesnt want to frown or play around. In her practical mind that would make no sense. Juliet is confused by this unexpected meeting, she is a bit shy. She is very young so this is probably her first love and first secret date. She wants a bit more time to make up her mind about all that has happened so far:[] Although I joy in thee,I have no joy of this contract tonight:It is to rash, too unadvisd, too sudden,Too like the lightning, which doth cease to beEre one can say à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½It lightensà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. Sweet, good night.This bud of love, by summers ripening breath,May prove a beauteous flower when next we meet.Good night, good night. As sweet repose and restCome to thy heart as that within my breast. (II, ii, 117-124)However, at her re-entering Juliet has worked out a plan: if Romeo does honestly love her, he shall marry her the next day, otherwise he shall leave her to her grief (cf. II, ii, 143-148 and II, ii, 150-154).In II, ii Juliet presents herself rather as a child than a young women. This can be seen in the metaphors she uses to describe her love for Romeo, e.g.:Juliet: [] I would have thee gone,And yet no farther than a wantons bird,Th at lets it hop a little from his handLike a poor prisoner in his twisted gyves,And with a silken thread pulls it back again,So loving-jealous of his liberty.Romeo: I would I were thy bird.Juliet: Sweet, so would I:Yet I should kill thee with much cherishing. (II, ii, 176-183)However, her marriage makes her become a young woman waiting impatiently for her wedding night:[]Come gentle night, come loving black-browd night,Give me my Romeo [] (III, ii, 17)She wants the night to[] learn me how to lose a winning matchPlayd for a pair of stainless maidenhoods.Hood my unmanned blood, bating in my cheeks,With thy black mantle, till strange love grow bold,Think true love acted simple modesty. (III, ii, 12-16)But before she can enjoy her wedding night, Juliet is informed about Tybalts murder committed by her bridegroom. Although she calls Romeo a despised substance of divinest show (III, ii, 77), she repents her words a minute later when the Nurse joins in her laments. If not herswhat tongue sh all smooth thy nameWhen I thy three-hours wife have mangled it? (III, ii, 98-99)Romeos banishment is worse to her than Tybalts death, she even mourns more over the lost wedding night than over her cousin:Take up those cords. Poor ropes, you are beguild,Both you and I, for Romeo is exiled.He made you for a highway to my bed,But I, a maid, die maiden-widowed.Come, cords, come, Nurse, Ill to my wedding bed,And death, not Romeo take my maidenhead. (III, ii, 132-137)When the Nurse promises to find Romeo for her, she bids her to bring him to her to take his last farewell (III, ii, 143).The next morning Juliet seems to have enjoyed her wedding night and doesnt want Romeo to leave at dawn. She pretends thatIt is not yet near day.It was the nightingale and not the lark,That pierced the fearful hollow of thine ear. (III, v, 1-3)Nevertheless she makes Romeo go when he agrees to stay willing to die in case he should be found there. When Romeo descends from her balcony, Juliet is haunted by an e vil fore-shadowing. She sees him as one dead in the bottom of a tomb (III, v, 56) and bids fortune to bring him back to her quickly. After this parting Juliet is forced to get more and more mature. Things happen very quickly. Her mother enters telling her that she shall marry Paris, her father threatens her to throw her out on the street to starve if she doesnt agree to this marriage and she hasnt got a single friend in her household anymore since the Nurse advices her to forget Romeo and to marry the County.But to Juliet her marriage to Romeo and her love for him are holy and she will not betray those. So she turns from the obedient daughter she was in the beginning of the play into a woman who takes charge of her own life. She already showed her loyalty to Romeo when talking to her mother. There she speaks so ambiguously that she appears to be loyal to her family although she speaks well of Romeo, too. Now Juliet turns entirely against her familys will and seeks help in Friar Laur ence. She is even ready to die.

HRM Research Paper

HRM Research Paper Describe and critically evaluate the key factors that shape the role and practices of the HR/Personnel function within an organisation with which you are familiar. On the basis of your analysis identify the main HRM challenges currently facing this organisation. Relate your analysis to appropriate literature. Introduction People are an important and expensive resource to a business. This asset has the capacity to be highly productive and generate revenue for the firm, but it also requires much attention and maintenance. When the direct costs of employment are added to the indirect costs of recruitment and selection, training and development, the organisations investment in an average full-time employee can exceed ?00,000 in a short space of time. Therefore one of the fundamental factors is how to attract the right employee and retain their services, gaining efficiency throughout. Before answering the first part of the question Describe and critically evaluate the key factors that shape the role and practices of the HR/Personnel function within an organisation with which you are familiar, the differences between HRM and the older style Personnel Management requires defining. Human Resource Management HRM can be defined as any part of the management structure that relates to people at work. It involves everything from recruitment to training to performance appraisal and overall employee welfare. HRM is originally an American management term that has taken over from the more restrictive Personnel Management, and denotes a more proactive and business-focused role, with an emphasis on good communication and staff commitment, more flexible work practices, and performance-related reward systems. Once considered a more peripheral activity, HRM has now moved to the core of the business. The authorÐ ±Ã ¿s own perspective of this assignment is delivered from within the steel industry. An employee in middle management with a history of working from grass roots to Manufacturing Manager over a 10 year period within the Basic Oxygen Steel making plant (BOS). A plant where the iron from the Blast furnace iron is refined and then re-alloyed to be supplied at the correct time temperature and specification to the Continuously Cast plant (CONCAST) where semi-finished products are supplied to the mills for rolling. Current Economic Climate Due to the current economic climate that is affecting the trading situation, both within the home and world export market there has been immense pressure on the business to reduce operating costs to achieve business objectives. Many areas of the business especially within the carbon steels section are, and have been making a loss for an extended period. Not just since the tragic events of 11th September 2001, the events of which that have been blamed for losses in many other businesses. This event has merely compounded an underlying trend of difficult trading conditions in steel. We have as a business been implementing strategies to cut costs and increase efficiency, not just in operational performance terms but also changes in managements structures, team working implementation and further changes in manning levels (based on under utilisation of plant due to the low output). HR Role Many of the recent objectives set by the business at Ð ±Ã ¾Board LevelÐ ±Ã ¿ to reduce costs have required the need for the HRM function to take a role in the business, to be able to achieve the required levels. Some specific areas that the HR Department manage include Policies; such as Drugs and Alcohol and Equal Opportunities, as well as implementation of Company policy and Strategy, both long-term and medium-term. But these are day to say issues; the following headings are other fundamental areas that the HR function has played a part in during the recent cost cutting exercise. Manpower Planning This topic involves charting the future needs of the organisation with regard to numbers, skills profile, age and experience. This enables the firm to have the right people in the right numbers at the right time. There have been some major changes within the organisation over recent years; the implementation of Team Working has been key to reducing costs. It brings about some m ajor benefits, not least a reduction in employee numbers through more efficient use of the resource. Through this implementation at Scunthorpe, a 15% reduction of manpower has been achieved. The challenge that the HR function was faced with was how to achieve this kind of figure? In reality the HRM department had a minor role to play. From Board level through to Senior Management came the directive that a percentage manning reduction was required across the board, and that it would be fulfilled. Each individual department had to carry out Key Task Analysis (KTA) to determine what sort of levels of manning could be utilised based on Ð ±Ã ¾time and taskÐ ±Ã ¿ process. From this analysis came a set of numbers that indicated how many persons could manage an area. The dwindling numbers within the HR function meant that they hade no alternative but to take an lesser role and stand back to allow the production departments themselves to manage certain tasks. Many of the manning reductio ns have been found through voluntary redundancy and early retirement. Having had the departmental managers find the numbers the HR function has now stepped in to undertake the interviewing process that details the package available for early departure. Recruitment and Selection This process is by which the organisation gets the best people to do the jobs necessary to achieve its goals. Preparation is the key to effectiveness in this area, by clearly establishing the jobs to be done and the type of people needed to do them, the construction of an accurate Job Description and Person Specification will save time and money. Recruitment within corus has been very low for many years, 1988 was the last time anyone was taken from the outside environment; the only current source of new employees into the business is through Graduate recruitment. Since privatisation in 1988, apart from graduates, nearly all (blue collar) vacancies have been fulfilled though internal cross matching, and recruitment from the in-house Ð ±Ã ¾cleaning contractorsÐ ±Ã ¿. This source of employee recruitment is seriously flawed with many disadvantages, not least that the type of person employed for cleaning is not necessarily the right person for operation of technically based operating systems, education levels required for cleaning are significantly lower, and the nature of the work is totally different. The reason that this source has been used is due to the ease of the selection process, the lack of cost involved and the minimal time required to interview etc. Most are employed on the basis that their Contract Manager says Ð ±Ã ¾they are good eggs! The other benefit is that they are hired on a 6-month trial, if they do not size up then they are easily transferred back into the contract gang. An easy recruitment process but by far the right person for the job. Graduates are the main source of external recruitment. The HR Function carries out visits to colleges and universities to entice budding youngsters into the industry with the knowledge that they are joining a company that is renowned for being the most efficient steel producer in the world, and that they will gains skills to promote themselves within the industry. The corus website is seriously directed towards graduate recruitment and is a main source of applicants. Unfortunately at present there are not many wanting to join what is seen as an ailing industry, a challenge for the HR Department to continue to recruit from a reducing market. Training and Development This in most organisations is a major growth area, with firms realising that skill s development and flexibility are now key to business success. Unfortunately within corus over the last few years the amount spent on Ð ±Ã ¾externalÐ ±Ã ¿ training has been kept to an absolute minimum and has had an effect on plant operating performance, initiatives such as I.I.P, T.Q.P. and the likes have been dropped by the wayside due to the cost and lack of resources to implement and apply. The significant changes in manning have affected this. The main source of training at present is Ð ±Ã ¾sitting with Nellie, the disadvantages of this being that the trainee is getting a level of training that the trainer has been trained to give. Unfortunately Plant Trainers are non-existent and therefore the training given is from someone who has little experience of training people and very often not a lot of knowledge of plant and the process. The latter is inherent of the loss of knowledge due to the departure of experienced individuals. This has now been identified and new measures have been put in place that will be discussed under Ð ±Ã ¾ChallengesÐ ±Ã ¿. Performance Appraisal This involves a formal system of regularly collecting, recording, and sharing information between the employee and the appraiser about the employees work performance and potential. Conducted in the correct manner, it can enhance motivation, contribute to achieving organisational goals, and assist the process of rewarding good performance. One would like to think that this is carried out, in reality there again is insufficient time for the line manager to implement as the role of Ð ±Ã ¾fire fightingÐ ±Ã ¿ other issues on a daily basis is consuming time, and the fundamentals of managing people are not being addressed. Reward Management This involves designing the most appropriate methods of remuneration and increasingly incorporates broader, performance-related items such as bonuses and employee share option schemes. These have been implemented alongside the new Team Working and Management structures and are based on Payment for Performance (PFP) on an individual basis, and Bonus related schemes for achieving operational performance. Pay bands and application of the same is an element of the reward scheme that the HR function carries out. This is a broad based application, easy to maintain and implement, but unfortunately as experienced from a personal viewpoint it has been implemented poorly with little or no communication between Pay Departments, the HR function and the employee. Industrial Relations The process of collective bargaining based on employees terms conditions, resolving disputes that may arise, and adhering to the whole range of laws governing the relationship between employers and employees in the workplace. In reality the first line manager deals with any grievance or dispute that may occur locally and the HR department is only called upon for advice or when the dispute escalates. The Collective Agreements are through multi-union negotiations and may include Pay, Hours of work, Bonus payments, Sick Pay scheme and Holidays. There is also the Works Rules, application of, updating of and any changes of legislation affecting works rules to consider. Much of this is on an annual basis with most carried out at national level with minimal amounts at local level. CHALLENGES Skills and Knowledge The increase in voluntary and early retirements has had an effect on the organisation that relates to age, experience and knowledge. The reduction of people has mainly been achieve d from those that can afford to take early retirement, those with minimal or no mortgages, have a level of savings and a lifestyle that could be led with minimal supplementation. Thus the late 40Ð ±Ã ¿s and early 50Ð ±Ã ¿s are the target group. These are the people who have vast experience and knowledge in the steel making industry, gained over many years and they have now been removed. The challenge is to replace this knowledge in a short space of time. The average age has been lowered by 10-12 years since the implementation of team working, this reduction in age has highlighted the reduction in knowledge and experience of the remainder posing a further and future problem that the age range of those employed is such that they will all leave the industry at or around the same time. The cycle will start again unless there is intervention to bring about change. Training Training of the individuals that are left needs to be urgently considered. As stated previously the lack of trai ning over the last few years and the changes that have taken place have led to a deterioration in plant operational performance. This poor performance is unsatisfactory and is incurring costs to the process. The cost of training is not quantifiable, is seen by other organisations as a benefit but at present to corus it is a burden to costs and as such has not been pursued. This benefit has now been realised by senior management and the re-instatement of a Training Owner for plant and the re-launch of the InvestorÐ ±Ã ¿s In People initiative should be the start of an increase in performance. The HR function for their part are required to implement and continuously apply the new recording system required to follow this scheme up. This is not just for plant requirements but also for legislation such as COMAH, (Control of Management and Change) where there is a requirement to be able to identify an individualÐ ±Ã ¿s competency in the job that he is doing. Critically, we as an organi sation should be looking at the theoretical side of how to implement training programmes, studying the likes of Ð ±Ã ¾KolbÐ ±Ã ¿s learning cycleÐ ±Ã ¿ to ensure thorough understanding of the subject and correct implementation of the training received. But this is theory and unfortunately the current culture is that we are Ð ±Ã ¾fire fightingÐ ±Ã ¿, living for the present and just attempting to survive the current climate. Thus there is no commitment to provide resource that has no quantifiable financial gain. Graduate Retention This is an issue whereby in the current climate a high number of graduates are leaving the industry due to its poor outlook; safety and security are important factors to achieve motivation but unfortunately valued employees are leaving in droves. Employment packages are poor in relation to other organisations similar in size, graduates are drawn by the better working environment and benefits provided to organisations that practice. HRM rather than Personnel Management As a business we are very much in the old style of PM whereby we utilise the resource for the benefit of the organisation rather than nurture the person to provide a service that benefits the company for the good! The HR personnel can do little for the graduate financially to be an incentive for them to stay within the industry where environmental conditions are poor and achievement of goals is stifled. Manpower Reductions/Plant Closures Continuing with the theme of efficiency and cost reduction there have, and there will be more manpower reductions caused by plant closures and contracting out of services. Since the age profile is reducing there will be less chance of finding early and voluntary retirement from the younger average age of the existing employees, therefore individuals are not as willing to leave due to economic reasons. The decisions will be more difficult to make about who stays and who goes. Improve Morale One of the HR objectives is to improve morale. This at present is at a low, it is a difficult one for the HR function to achieve because the lack of numbers does not allow them sufficient time to address individual issues and as stated, first level management now carries out most of this. Their presence is rarely seen on plant and as such they cannot use the personal affect to improving moral. There is a need for them to relate the likes of HerzbergÐ ±Ã ¿s two-factor theory of motivation (Figure 1) and MaslowÐ ±Ã ¿s hierarchy of needs (Figure 2) through Team Working initiatives, personal objectives and manipulation of the reward scheme and use this to drive moral. With most though, this is an individual element and certain factors will affect certain individuals differently, thus the need for a one to one basis to find out what drives or motivates each person. Most motivation is driven through line managers and thus the HR objective is somewhat misplaced for the current situation . Business Service One of the challenges facing the HRM function itself is the move towards being a Business Service, not supplying just to corus but also supplying a service outside of the industry. This has already been achieved with part of the Engineering function that supplies its services to outside organisations and has thus made an extra ?.3M this year alone. This has been an initiative throughout the firm to generate more income and reduce the burden of a department on the business. Compilation of services business wide has been managed partly by the HR function, it is part of their objectives to identify further areas for this type of development and quantify the benefits of disadvantages of such a move. For those within the HR Department the move towards a Business Service has seen a step backwards away from generalisation and towards specialisation, a return in some ways to old style management. HR Managers were given skills for them to cope with general issues, but the move back towards sp ecialisation sees them dealing with specifics and having a better working knowledge of one particular area rather than being a Jack of all trades. Trade Union An interesting point made by the local HR Manager Ð ¸C Not enough is done to train the TU representative to be made aware of the Business needs, the reasons for why such actions are needed and the manner in which they should be carried out. There is nothing sinister in supplying such a service to what has inherently been seen as an aggressor to the management. The wider the perspective that the trade union official has, the better he will be equipped to make more appropriate decisions on behalf of the employees that he represents, and the better his understanding of why it is being implemented. The role of Trade Unionism within Human Resource Management poses somewhat of a threat, Legge, p.273, states that Trade Unionism in HRM organisations was being bypassed through the development of Human Resource Management initiatives. Organisations are Ð ±Ã ¾softÐ ±Ã ¿ models of HRM; and can pose a threat to the TU. Another consideration may be, that if the employee is happy and committed in their job, that the need for union representation may not be required. To the organisation there is the need for the T.U. for multi-union bargaining purposes, therefore the HRM department must balance the need of HRM against the need of the Trade Union. Conclusion The increasing competitive pressures, expanding globalisation and a generally harder business environment has brought about a move to a more enhanced view of HRM as opposed to Personnel Management. Unfortunately as a business, corus are very much in the old style of Personnel Management whereby we utilise the resource for the benefit of the organisation rather than nurture the person to provide a service that benefits the company for the good. Numbers have reduced significantly since the implementation of Team Working; the structure has been cut to bare bones. The reduced operating cost set out at board level has been achieved, but at a cost to the business through a reduction in operational performance. Unfortunately the current culture is that we are Ð ±Ã ¾fire fightingÐ ±Ã ¿, living for the present and just attempting to survive the economic climate to make it through, there is no commitment to provide any resource that has no quantifiable financial gain. The HR Department has a role to play in modelling the objectives set by the Board, but their problems are much the same as that of plant management in that the resources are not available to support the fundamental ideas. There are many issues facing the company, short, medium and long term that require addressing, unfortunately it is a service and any gains made through expenditure are not readily quantifiable, therefore no capital is guaranteed whereby there is no return seen. Without an injection of cash or commitment to provide extra services for HRM then there will be no advancement towards achieving better results from the employee through HRM philosophies. HRM, as previously stated denotes a more proactive and business-focused role, with an emphasis on good communication and staff commitment, more flexible work practices, and performance-related reward systems as opposed to Personnel Management These philosophies are carried out by the first line management, which begs the question, Have the less er experienced plant personnel carried out a process that has inherently been carried out by trained professional HR managers and got the numbers wrong, furthermore, was it implemented correctly? Overall because of the reduction in numbers within the HR department, Plant managers and Line managers are now carrying out many tasks and the HR department have a significantly lesser role in the organisation. With no forecast of any change in philosophy and increase in expenditure then the situation is unlikely to change. The input of an active Trade Union and informed official needs to be considered, there is a definite need for both and the HRM department must ensure that a relationship continues.

Bacteria, Viruses, and Health Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bacteria, Viruses, and Health - Case Study Example In 1879 Albert Ludwig Sigesmund Neisser was the first person to describe the bacteria as the causative agent of gonorrhea and he was the one that officially named it Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The structure is a typical gram negative cell with thin peptidoglycan, cytoplasmic membrane and the outer membrane is covered with proteins, lipooligosaccharide and phospholipids (Ryan & Ray, 2004). Toxin lipopolysaccharide endotoxins are found in the cells of neisseria gonorrhoeae, it was first extracted by tauber and garson in 1959. The endotoxin is found to have at least two antigenic determinants reveled by haemagglutination inhibition and absorption experiment. Polysaccharide is another determinant besides other proteins (Ryan & Ray, 2004). The information in the patient’s symptoms that led to my conclusion is the discharge of yellow substance from the penis which is the symptom of the N. gonorrhoeae infection. Lab results that indicate the presence of gram-negative diplococci in the fluid sample taken from Mike’s penis confirmed the presence of bacteria’s and certainly it was a bacterial infection, and this directed me to rule out any other disease with similar symptoms that is not caused by bacteria (Ryan & Ray, 2004). Pain and burning sensation when urinating are other symptoms of which the patient displays. The report is also that mike recently broken up with her old time girlfriend and immediately started dating a new girl and given that the bacteria is sexually transmitted there is high chances that the patient was infected by her new girlfriend in a new relationship (Ryan & Ray, 2004). Mononucleosis was also ruled out because the symptoms differ from the ones the patient display, symptom of mononucleosis are, sore throat , swollen tonsils, headache skin rash and others which are very distinct from the gonorrhea infections. What make gonorrhea a perfectly sexual transmitted infection is the need for intimate contact with someone with the

Journal Entry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Journal Entry - Essay Example This essay discusses that the patients had to be given a bath and medications at the appropriate time. In addition, patients needed someone they could talk to about their fears and families. Nurses should endeavor to provide high-quality care for their patients.  This essay discusses that the patients had to be given a bath and medications at the appropriate time. In addition, patients needed someone they could talk to about their fears and families. Nurses should endeavor to provide high-quality care for their patients.   As a person, I have always demonstrated a lot of patience and understanding. One of the reasons for joining the nursing profession was as a result of the empathy that I feel towards people who are suffering. This enabled me to understand that the demanding nature of the patient was as a result of the fears that he had. For example, it was evident that he feared being separated from his family. I was able to empathize with him because I have seen people close to me behave in a stubborn manner an attempt to mask their fears.   An encounter with a teenage girl who was about to deliver a baby helped to change my worldview about the use of contraceptives and abortion among teenagers. I have always believed that teenagers should not have access to contraceptives because it encourages them to engage in sex when they are not prepared to handle the consequences. Moreover, I used to have conservative views about abortion. However, the patient revealed that had it not been for the support of her family, then she would have been forced to terminate the pregnancy because she realized that a baby would significantly affect her ability to realize her dreams. In addition, she regretted not having been educated about the use of contraceptives.                    Ã‚  

Understanding Special Needs Children And Young People Essay

Understanding Special Needs Children And Young People Essay In this assignment I hope to highlight the ADHD Disorder also show what treatments and supports are available for this special need. I hope to find some local support groups for this condition and also detail what legislation is in place to deal with special needs. I hope by the end of this assignment I will be after highlighting enough about how difficult families and teachers find it to cope and live with children who suffer from ADHD. Rational for the Project Plan of Work For this assignment I will look over the notes Christina Meyler has given me so far. I will also look up the ADHD disorder on the internet. I will also go through the book Assisting Children with Special Needs by Ellis Flood. I hope to get a lot of the assignment done during the mid-term in November and then get some feedback on what I will have done to then. I aim to have it finished and handed up by the 30th November 2012. Case Study Brian is an 11 year old boy who has been diagnosed with ADHD. Brian is a bright boy, who is very creative, he has average marks in school. But he sufferes from severe distractibility and a lack of organisational skills, all of which affects his school work. Brian would often lie about his school work and this would cause problems at home with his family. The school contacted a therapist and they saw Brian on a regular basis for four months and also held sessions with Brians parents. The therapist along with Brians parents and his teachers at school developed a checklist of acceptable behaviour programme for Brian. His parents and teachers had to learn proper responses to Brians frequent oppositional behaviour. By doing this Brians behaviour became more manageable for his parents and his teachers, Brians behaviour has become a bit calmer because of this also. Brian now also gets on better at home with his family. He will still have his outbursts but they are not as frequent as they once was the ADHD has become more manageable. Causes of ADHD The causes of ADHD are not really known at the moment, but there is research been carried out to try and find out what causes it. Some children in America with ADHD have undergone an MRI Scan and the prefrontal cortex and the basal ganglia were found to be smaller than in children who havent ADHD this would indicate that neurophysiological could be the cause of the disorder'(www.casestudies-ADHD-children) Also it is believed that children with parents that have ADHD are more likely to develop it so there for ADHD could be hereditary. Diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) ADHD is usually diagnosed by a qualified psychologist, generally the psychologist will obtain information regarding the childs behaviour from the childs parents and teachers at their school. The psychologist will observe the child and give them various tasks to complete, closely observing the childs attention span, activity level and impulse control with regard to their age. In order to diagnosis ADHD the child must have a sufficient number of difficulties with concentration, activity levels and impulse control. These behaviours must be present in at least two settings usually in the home and at school. The evaluation process will also determine the type of ADHD a child has, the psychologist evaluating the child would have to have extensive knowledge and experience of children with the condition. Treatment of ADHD ADHD is usually treated using a combination of stimulant medication and behavioural therapy. Medication Several stimulant mediations are available which help to calm the child down allowing them to bring their behaviour under control. Many people are surprised to learn that stimulants are given to children with ADHD as these children seem to be over stimulated already but they do work. Ritalin is perhaps the best known ADHD medication, it has been widely used since its release in 1954. Other medications used are Adderall, Dexedrine and Metadata. Stimulants work by increasing dopamine levels in the brain, the parts whose function is to control attention, motivation, pleasure and movement. By regulating the dopamine levels doctors can regulate the attention spans and energy levels of the children they are treating. Some children are not able to take stimulation medication because of side effects, there are non-stimulant medications available such as Stiattera, there are not many children on this medication. Behavioural Therapy Behavioural Therapy can be used alone or with medication as described above. Behavioural Therapy is designed to train children to control their hyperactivity and lack of attention. Based on the work of B.F. Skinner desirable behaviour is rewarded but undesirable behaviour is not. An example of this is when a child is asked to do a task, when that task is carried out the child then gets a reward for doing the task, but if they dont complete the task they are not rewarded. Prognosis There is no cure for ADHD and children with the disorder seldom grow out of it. However many find ways to cope with and adapt to their ADHD as they get older and become adults. Many adults have ADHD and dont even know they have it, it is believed that mand of our prisoners suffer with ADHD. Many adults with ADHD have poor time keeping, they have difficulty completing a task, they would also find it hard to maintain a personal relationship. Others become unemployed and have a higher than average incidence of drug and alcohol abuse. In the past in Ireland very few children were diagnosed with ADHD, if they played up they were just expelled from school. Now in the schools if there is a problem the teacher and principle will try to find the underlying cause for the childs behaviour. This will mean that in future many more children will be diagnosed early and measures will be put in place quicker to help them manage their condition in order to reach their true potential. . Support Groups for ADHD Springborad Family Support programme operated by Youth New Ross Ltd. They hold meetings in my local area for parents with children who suffer from ADHD. The group meets every four to five weeks to share their own stories and discuss the problems they come up against on a day to day basis, they also give each other advice on how they deal with the problems they come up against. Waterford ADHD Support, 74 Farren Park, Upper Grange, Waterford. (051) 852171 Kilkenny ADHD Support, Jerpoint Abbey, Thomastown, Co.Kilkenny 056) 7754954 These are local support groups in my local area that I sourced from the internet. Current Legislation THE EDUCATIONAL ACT 1998 This was the first piece of legislation passed since the foundation of the state that outlines the governments legal obligations regarding education. The act provided the first legal definition of disability The act provides the first legal definition of Special educational Needs The act defines what it means by support services. The function of the Minister for education was also defined under this act. THE EDUCATION WELFARE ACT 2000 This act ensures all children have a right to attend a regonised school even children with special needs.This act also helped in the creation of the Educational Welfare Board THE EDUCATION FOR PERSONS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS ACT 2004 This is the most significant piece of legislation relating to special needs in education. The act is extensive and covers the following general areas The issue of inclusion with regards to children with special needs in mainstream settings. Preparation of individual educational plans for children with special needs. Assessment of special needs. Service provision for children with special educational needs. Appeals. (Ellis Flood 2010 :10-17) The Practical and Emotional impact of having a child with ADHD Most parents of children with ADHD face a daily challenge of managing their childs behaviour. Within the home most children with ADHD who are hyperactive have difficulty complying with parental instructions. They get frustrated quickly, interrupt conversations and have a tendency to get into fights with their siblings. Their demanding tendencies can cause problems with their friends who will regard them as been bossy and quick tempered, they can also get violent with their families. Children with ADHD who are not hyperactive and impulsive can drive their parents crazy not so much with what they do but more what they dont do. In this case parents struggle with unfinished homework and major disorganization. They are often described as being passive and shy in relationships. Conclusions and Recommendations While carrying out this assignment, I did not realise how having a child with ADHD could affect the family home, I also didnt realise how many children suffer with attention deficit hyperactivity Disorder it is getting fairly common among children. I think this is mainly due to more doctors and teachers been more aware of the condition, so therefore it is getting diagnosed quicker. This is a good thing because more people will be made aware of the condition and therefore will learn how to deal with it and more supports will be put in place quicker. I feel I have done the best of my ability in carrying out this assignment, and I am pleased with what I have accomplished.

Realism in 21st Century

Realism in 21st Century The world, in view of the fact that it was created is changing. With the changing desires and demands of today’s standard of living, individual needs to be in sync with the demands and trends of modern day living. Not too long ago, people were seen doing stuffs that have turned out to be more of a routine in today’s humankind. Every single day a new type of technology is been introduced in today's world. So, the question arises that is theses changes necessary in today's world? If yes, does it have a good or a bad impact to the human society in today's world? We need to talk about in which approach hi-tech advancements that pace into our daily lives have altered our lifestyles in the very last few centuries. In today’s world each and every single people rely on new and advance technologies. Everyone loves new technologies and gadgets that promise innovative and better ways of living. A pace of life is frequently increasing with the increase in new technologies. Nowadays somewhat more a quarter of the earth’s population can be found in the industrialized societies. And half of the population still lives on past agriculture, but they are also relying on machines. The remaining of the world’s population, however, is no longer of either the past or the present. They live in the future, within the most important centers of cultural and technological change, in New York, California, Cambridge, London and Tokyo (Toffler, p. 38). A new part of technology is like a new relationship to an individual, it will be cool and thrilling at the first, but sooner or later it gets addictive to the people. I doubt technology’s give your word to improve the quality of life, makes our life easier and simpler, but it gets more addictive and makes one lethargic. People have turn out to be physically and psychologically dependent on many behaviors and substances for centuries. The compulsive and frequently use of these technologies have negative impact on our daily lives. The key life areas that appear to be impacted are relationships, health, employment, and financial status. In the present day people find their reality have changed because they have to get used to the new culture and behavior according to the pace of technology. Presently people like to live in this current industrialized era but some of them are overwhelmed by the change of new technologies and inventions. Changes in the life are important, but the acceleration of changes leads to the victim of overchoice and impacts on our personal and psychological, as well as sociological, consequences (Toffler, p. 2). Philip Morris now it is Altria Group, for example, when it was introduced in USA in 1954, it only sold a single major brand of cigarettes i. e. Marlboro specifically to men. By now Altria Group has introduced additional 16 new brands with so many options with respect to size and flavors (Toffler, p. 265). Not only in cigarettes there are many overchoices in food, clothing, gasoline, and many more. There is a huge diversity in education industry too, students have a huge selection on what field they want to study and nowadays students can even get their degree online. More often than not society does not leave freedom for avoidance and as a result one need to adjust and learn about the new technologies that become part of our lifestyles. These days when people are faced with having to decide one option out of many popular choices, they will start on to think about imaginary trade-offs. The people do make their best choice out of the variable products, but afterwards it affects their level of satisfaction they had from the one before. The people now can’t escape this situation of freedom because they are not committed to the choice they make. People don’t know that the current loads of choice over and over again lead to feelings of loneliness and depression. The creation of the Internet has been the main source of innovative information, connectivity, and possibilities to create new private freedom. There are presently more than a billion web pages of information on the Internet about every topic that you can think of. The Internet users around the world have been increased by 444% since the starting of the 21st century (Internet Usage Statistics). In this era, computers and Internet are an important part of everyday life. Computers are used everywhere. Today Internet and computers can exactly take us to the different worlds and different realms of reality by a thought referred to as virtual reality. Inception is the latest â€Å"virtual reality† movie of this time. In this movie Leonardo DiCaprio plays an unlawful with the technology to plan himself into the dreams and ideas of others. The characters spend an important amount of time entirely powerless with beeping tools nearby. In the meantime their minds are busy occupied navigating avatars in a virtual world of Inception. In this movie, a machine would let you to connect to a virtual atmosphere by getting into someone’s dream. Even in the movies â€Å"The Matrix† and â€Å"Avatar† was computer generated and were in the different world of imagination. In â€Å"Plowing the Dark† by Richard Powers, on one side of a story a band of researchers in Seattle working on a 3D reality on how an empty white room that can become a jungle, a painting, or a Byzantine cathedral. And the other follows an individual kidnapped and held hostage by terrorists in Lebanon in an empty white room, equipped only with his imagination and memory. In the novel, the two stories overlap, but the people in the different stories do not know one another and never communicate. But at the end, the imaginative experience of Adie and Taimur intersect, with Taimur’s control leading to an unexpected change in Adie’s life and Adie inspiring Taimur at a serious moment. In this novel, the author addresses this issue of creating an inspiring character of life in an unreal environment that becomes frightening real to us (Powers). The novel â€Å"Plowing the Dark,† alludes to several poems including â€Å"Sailing to Byzantium† by W. B. Yeats. In this poem, Yeats highlights the aspect of world he lives in, is scared of becoming older and complains about the world he lives in, so he decides to escape to the city i. e. Byzantium where the poet can achieve immortality. In all the movies (â€Å"Inception,† â€Å"The Matrix,† and â€Å"Avatar†), the novel â€Å"Plowing the Dark,† and the poem â€Å"Sailing to Byzantium† the people wants to escape the real world and wants live in their own virtual mind and places they created. Virtual reality is becoming more prominent and dangerous as the days passes. One can assume a second identity in their imaginary world through the Internet. In 2003, a game called â€Å"Second Life† appeared on the Internet, is an online virtual world mainly targeted to the children who are aged thirteen and over, and as of 2011 â€Å"Second Life† has more than 20 million egistered user accounts (Secondlife). They can get married, have children, rob banks, and shoot people all in the name of fun. Virtual reality makes it a good tool for education because it allows children to learn in a more interactive environment where they are m ore likely to retain information. But it also has some negatively psychological and social effects. These days many students are showing a decrease in usual emotion and affection due to their stable communication with lifeless cyber friends. Cyberspace can be a help out, but when used in the wrong behavior it can be very damaging to our physical and mental well-being. Virtual reality in fact minimizes the significance of our physical bodies and encourages people to misuse their time. It causes people to get lost from exact relations by focusing on the mind freezing effects of video games and online cyber world. In this generation, the Internet is so ingrained into our lives that life without the access of Internet is completely unimaginable. The use of the Internet offers a variety of benefits to every person in today’s world. Internet has a giant amount of information added on it every day and it’s developing as the most powerful source of information. Also, use of the Internet makes easier to find jobs in a minute. One can also buy and sell things on the Internet. Last, the Internet is one of the most important tools in educations seeing as it provides a massive amount of information and is the greatest source of reference for teachers and students. The Internet has influenced, and is still influencing the way culture communicates in a lot of different ways. The rise of the Internet has caused people to communicate differently in areas never dreamed of before the Internet came into existence. In the book, â€Å"The Shallows: What the Internet is Doing to Our Brains,† by Nicholas Carr argues that surfing the World Wide Web is causing the damage to your brain. This book has been expanded from the article, â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid,† by the same writer Nicholas Carr. In this book, Carr describes how human thought has been changed through the centuries by â€Å"tools of the mind† – from the alphabet to maps, to the printing press, the clock, and the computer (Carr). This all tools are very useful in this 21st Century in getting directions, determining time and finding information on the computer through the Internet which is very faster and saves a lot of time. This all tools are easy and convenient in today’s life, but the effect of all this tools is that it is breaking the focus and the creativity of the human brain. Carr in the article, â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid,† stated that one he was a scuba diver in the sea of words, but now he zips along the surface like a guy on a jet ski. This is nothing but the Internet, which, with its search engines, blogs, social network such as Twitter and Facebook, pornography and online games has chipped away the capacity for concentration and contemplation. I totally agree with Carr, that when we use the Internet, we totally enter into a different environment; we enter into the world which is not real, that leads us to quick reading and diverts our thinking and distracts our brain. Right now, you can take example of me, as I am writing this paper or whenever I find myself assigned with a research paper for class I get simply unfocused from looking up references online and manage to find myself on completely unrelated websites. The pop-ups and the advertisement usually get our mind diverted. Then after half an hour of researching I find myself on checking the emails, uploading status or new photos on Facebook or either playing games on the computer. Then I realize that I have wasted almost an hour doing nothing instead using the time sensibly. Yes, Internet is the main source of information, but is actually affecting our brains. Not only Internet, the smart phones, TVs, online video games and many other digital technologies also damage our brain. According to a survey published by Forrester Research, Americans are now spending a large amount of their time using the Internet than watching television, and the amount of time people spend on the Internet has increased 121 percent in excess of the last five years (Joshua). The amount of time spent on the Internet not only has been increased by the teenagers or adults, but also have been increased by up to six to eight hours a day among the people over 66 years. But the rapidly increase in the use of Internet has not affect a drop in television consumption for the reason that the Internet, and mostly the mobile Internet, cleanly creates additional facilities and opportunities for the nation to consume media. In today’s world, TV is still important, but the content where the people are getting from is changing. Nowadays, most of the people are getting the content from the use of the mobile Internet. Smartphone and tablets are a life changing to many users since it is so personal, in terms of how and how frequently the device is carried and how it is used to connect and to expand relationships. Smart phones went from being a luxury and became an everyday tool for students, employees and the businessmen. For a lot of us, communicating with friends and family used to mean writing letters and cards via mail and have to wait for weeks for the response. But now we communicate with each other through emails and text messages in a fraction of seconds. Now younger generations have forgotten how to write and spell a complete sentence due to rapid increase in text messaging. Teenagers are totally reliant on simple tenses and a limited use of vocabulary, and that to with the help of spell check. At the same time there is also a reduction in a personal face to face communication. Nowadays, people just text message their friends, chat online, do discussion on the blogs, and they even date online. Due to these changes; the people have mentally changed their communication skills. People don’t know that more and more use of the technologies gets addictive to them and changes the mental and physical shapes of the brain, and can lead to a decrease in the sense of self and human identity. Our neurological systems are actually being spoiled, and we are less able to process and remember information, even if we are continually reading, or surfing, online. The person who spends more of their time playing games and reading web pages are experiencing visual problems. Most people are clueless that how the cell phones affects their brain by the radiation. In J. D. Salinger's â€Å"The Catcher in the Rye†, the main character of Holden Caulfield views the humankind as a place where the most human behaviors such as love, sympathy and kindness are all been overridden by the power of money and technology. Holden Caulfield is desperately holding to the concept that necessary human kindness is far more vital to a joyful way of life than material wealth and technology. Holden in the novel feels similar to a loner or a rebel in an environment where the people are dishonest and corrupted, and he is badly looking for someone to talk to that will make him happy. In the beginning of the story, Holden says, â€Å"As a matter of fact, I'm the only dumb one in the family† (David, p. 67). In the whole story, Holden describes himself as a failure and immature, and also has been told by his parents, friends, and teachers number of times but still, Holden every time hangs to his ideals and looks his failings as almost laughable. In the story, Holden is suffering from mental and emotional problems due to his attitudes and behavior. The only thing that can â€Å"cure† Holden, as stated in the story, is to get more and more interaction with the people around him. From the novel, â€Å"The Catcher in the Rye†, possibly one can learn from the main character, â€Å"Holden Caulfield†, that in regards to corruption, wealth and the dream, foes not matter how expensive and attractive it is, but only the true pleasure and satisfaction can only be establish from within. Holden also oversimplifies the whole lot and in his view children are straightforward and innocent image of wholesome life compared to adults who are by now influenced by the accepted public way of life, which adjusts or fakes everyone’s realism. An individual in our society today feels that, they are separated from one another and has lost the interaction between people same way, as Holden in the novel, â€Å"The Catcher in the Rye†. †¢JOSHUA, BRUSTEIN. â€Å"American Internet Use Catches Up With TV Use. † (2010): Web. 2 May 2011. . †¢Ã¢â‚¬ INTERNET USAGE STATISTICS. † (2011): Web. May 2011. . †¢TOFFLER, ALVIN. Future shock. Bantam, 1984. 38. Print. †¢TOFFLER, ALVIN. Future shock. Bantam, 1984. 2. Print. †¢TOFFLER, ALVIN. Future shock. Bantam, 1984. 265. Print. †¢CARR, NICHOLAS. â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid? â€Å". Atlantic Magazine July/Aug 2008: Web. 2 May 2011. < http://www. theatlantic. com/magazine/archive/2008/07 /is-google-making-us-stupid/6868/>. †¢DAVID, JEROME. The Catcher in the Rye. Little, Brown and Company, 1951. 67. Print. †¢POWERS, RICHARD. Plowing the Dark. Picador USA, 2001. Print. †¢Ã¢â‚¬ Secondlife. † Web. 2 May 2011. <

Accident Prevention Program Essay

The committee is made up of management-designated representatives and one employee-elected representative each from the office, factory and outside sales divisions of our company. Employees in each division will elect from among themselves a representative to be on the committee. If there is only one volunteer or nomination, the employees will approve the person by voice vote at a short meeting called for that purpose. If there is more than one volunteer or nomination, a secret paper ballot will be used to elect the representative. Elected representatives will serve for one year before being re-elected or replaced. If there is a vacancy then an election will be held before the next scheduled meeting to fill the balance of the term. In addition to the employee-elected representatives, management will designate no more than three representatives but a minimum of one who will serve until replaced by management. A chairperson will be selected by majority vote of the committee members each year. If there is a vacancy, the same method will be used to select a replacement. In addition to the committee responsibilities explained above, duties of safety committee members include: A monthly self-inspection of the area they represent Communicating with the employees they represent on safety issues and Encouraging safe work practices among co-workers. The regularly scheduled meeting time is 7:30 am for one hour on the first Thursday of each month, at the employee lunchroom. This may be changed by vote of the committee. A committee member will be designated each month to keep minutes on the attached minutes form. A copy will be posted on the employee bulletin board after each meeting. After being posted for one month, the minutes will be filed for one year. The minutes form contains the basic monthly meeting agenda. (Customize by adding any additional safety committee information that you may have and/or deleting any that do not apply to your company. ) Employee Safety Meetings (Optional for employers with 10 or fewer employees or employers with 11 employees or more who are segregated on different shifts or work in widely dispersed locations in crews of 10 or less) All employees are required to attend a monthly safety meeting held on the first Thursday of each month in the lunchroom. This meeting is to help identify safety problems, develop solutions, review incidents reports, provide training and evaluate the effectiveness of our safety program. Minutes will be kept on the attached minutes form. Meeting minutes will be kept on file for one year. (Customize by adding any additional Employee Safety Meeting information that you may have and/or deleting any that do not apply to your company. ) Hazard Recognition Record Keeping and Review Employees are required to report any injury or work related illness to their immediate supervisor regardless of how serious.